Thermal speed
= Thermal speed
{title2=$v_{\mathrm{th},s}=\sqrt{2T_s/m_s}$}
A characteristic random particle <speed>. Here <temperature> $T_s$ is measured in <energy> units, and the factor-two convention makes a <Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution> proportional to $e^{-v^2/v_{\mathrm{th},s}^2}$. Other conventions, such as the one-dimensional standard deviation $\sqrt{T_s/m_s}$, differ by fixed factors.