= Thermoregulation
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<Thermoregulation> regulates body <temperature>. <Skin> signals can anticipate a change of <core body temperature>, so a response need not wait for an internal error. <Cortical, thalamic, and hypothalamic responses to cooling and warming the skin in awake humans: A positron-emission tomography study by Gary F. Egan and others>[Introduction, paragraphs beginning The reflex regulation and In humans, the contribution from skin temperature: thermoregulatory effectors and feedforward skin input]{ref}
These responses have costs and environmental limits. <Shivering> consumes metabolic resources; cooling through <sweating> removes <water> that must eventually be replaced. High <humidity> restricts <evaporation>, so secreted sweat and successful cooling are not interchangeable. Maintaining <core body temperature> also depends on maintaining circulation: depleted blood volume can compromise <skin> blood flow and <heat transfer>. Seeking shade or reducing work changes the disturbance itself, whereas a larger regulatory command merely attempts to counter it. <Fundamental Concepts of Human Thermoregulation and Adaptation to Heat: A Review in the Context of Global Warming by Chin Leong Lim>[§2.2.4, Evaporation: sweat secretion versus evaporation and blood-volume depletion; §2.3.1: behavioral heat conservation and dissipation]{ref}
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