Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2001 iii Paper 19 3 ii Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-14
We prove that the only finite-order rational point is the origin: . The identity always has order one, so “no elements of finite order” must be understood as no nonidentity torsion points.
The given discriminant is a unit at and , so the integral Weierstrass equation of an elliptic curve has good reduction at both primes. For an odd prime , completing the square in shows that the number of above is determined byA nonzero quadratic residue gives two points, zero gives one, and a nonresidue gives none. Direct evaluation givesIncluding the origin gives and .
At a good prime , reduction is injective on torsion of order prime to : a point in its kernel belongs to the formal group, where multiplication by that order is bijective by part(i), so a point killed by it must be zero. Suppose a nonidentity rational point has finite order. Taking a suitable multiple gives a point of prime order . If , reduction at both primes forces to divide both and , impossible. If , reduction at forces , impossible. If , reduction at forces , also impossible. This exhausts all primes and proves the claim. The torsion exclusion from good reduction counts explicitly handles the two residual characteristics instead of incorrectly assuming prime-to- injectivity also controls -torsion.