Trace of Frobenius (source code)

= Trace of Frobenius
{c}
{title2=$a_q$}

For an elliptic curve over $\mathbb F_q$, the trace of Frobenius is
$$
a_q=q+1-\#E(\mathbb F_q).
$$
It is the trace of the <Frobenius isogeny of an elliptic curve> on every prime-to-$q$ Tate module.