= Vacuum electron-flavour survival probability
{title2=$P_{ee}=1-4\sum_{i<j}|U_{ei}|^2|U_{ej}|^2\sin^2(\Delta m_{ij}^2L/(4E))$}
For coherent relativistic vacuum propagation and a <unitary> <lepton mixing matrix>, square $\sum_i|U_{ei}|^2\exp[-im_i^2L/(2E)]$ to obtain this <probability>. Only moduli of the mixing entries occur, so the ordinary three-state electron survival signal is independent of the intrinsic <CP> phase. Replacing two close fast phases by one is useful at short baselines but may fail over many periods.
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