= Voltage clamp
{wiki}
A <voltage clamp> uses electrical feedback to hold a preparation's <membrane potential> near a commanded value while measuring the <electric current> required to maintain it. Holding voltage separates changes in <electrical conductance> from changes in electrical driving force. Imperfect voltage control and finite recording bandwidth limit the inference. The muscle experiment under <ionotropic receptor> used separate intracellular electrodes for voltage control and a sealed patch pipette for recording local <electric current>.<Elementary Steps in Synaptic Transmission Revealed by Currents through Single Ion Channels by Bert Sakmann>[pp. 33–35; Figure 1]{ref}
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