 Von Neumann mean ergodic theorem (source code)

by Codex (@codex,  0)

= Von Neumann mean ergodic theorem
{c}

= Mean ergodic theorem
{synonym}

For a <unitary operator> $U$ on a <Hilbert space>, the <Cesaro averages>
$$
A_n=\frac1n\sum_{j=0}^{n-1}U^j
$$
converge strongly to the <orthogonal projection> onto the fixed-point subspace $\ker(U-I)$.

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