= Wolfgang Ketterle
{c}
{tag=Physicist}
{wiki}
= W. Ketterle
{c}
{synonym}
<Wolfgang Ketterle> helped produce and investigate <Bose-Einstein condensation> in a dilute <sodium> gas. Cooling a trapped sample into the quantum-degenerate regime produced a population concentrated in a common low-energy state.
Expansion images distinguished the narrow condensed component from the broader thermal cloud. Subsequent experiments used coherence and collective <motion> to test how the macroscopic population behaves as a <matter wave>. His Nobel lecture connects the condensation apparatus with interference experiments and the <atom laser>.<Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Gas of Sodium Atoms by K. B. Davis and others>[1995 experiment: cooling and condensed distribution]{ref}<Nobel lecture: When atoms behave as waves: Bose-Einstein condensation and the atom laser by Wolfgang Ketterle>[Condensation, coherence and output coupling]{ref}
\Image[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Ketterle.jpg?width=260]
{title=Portrait of <Wolfgang Ketterle>}
{description=Kenneth C. Zirkel (Kzirkel); Brown University symposium, 12 April 2007; revised by the photographer in 2012. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/[CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons.}
{source=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ketterle.jpg}
{width=260}
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