Annals of Thoracic Surgery 97(6), 1998–2004 (2014); DOI 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2014.01.015. Primary byline Frederick C Cobey and colleagues; title and indexed abstract concern quantitative three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiographic assessment of the mitral coaptation zone and normalization to valve area.
Abstract, Methods, pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24655467/ : 25 patients with functional mitral regurgitation undergoing cardiac operations received intraoperative two-dimensional and three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography; end-systolic coaptation zone and valve area were measured offline. These specific acquisition and sample details support the Cobey profile.
Abstract, Methods gives the explicit index formula as three-dimensional end-systolic mitral coaptation-zone area divided by three-dimensional mitral-valve area. Results reports an inverse correlation with two-dimensional vena-contracta measurement (r = -0.74); the denominator is the protocol-defined MV area rather than an unspecified alternative area.