A Value for N-Person Games by Lloyd Shapley (RAND paper) Created 2026-10-24 Updated 2026-11-05
By Lloyd Shapley. RAND's original report record identifies the year 1952 and document P-295; the later book chapter is a distinct publication record.
Publisher record: www.rand.org/pubs/papers/P295.html
Publisher-hosted scan: www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/papers/2021/P295.pdf
The abstract identifies the axiomatic construction of a value. The four-axiom decomposition and uniqueness proof in Shapley value axioms are stated explicitly here.
College Admissions and the Stability of Marriage by David Gale and Lloyd Shapley Created 2026-10-18 Updated 2026-11-05
By David Gale and Lloyd Shapley, credited as D. Gale and L. S. Shapley. Published in The American Mathematical Monthly 69(1), 9–15 (January 1962). The 2018 publisher online date concerns digitization, not original publication. The University of Toronto hosts the inspected scan; hosting does not establish authorship.
Institutional scan: iqua.ece.toronto.edu/baochun/ece1771f/papers/Gale-Shapley-1962.pdf