Take a steady parallel velocity and interpret the specified gradient as . The horizontal Navier-Stokes equation reduces to : the pressure force opposes positive motion. The no-slip boundary condition imposes , . Integrating twice gives
The velocity gradient is , an increasing function of . It is negative somewhere in the channel exactly when its lower-wall limit is negative:
Under this condition the negative-gradient interval is .
The volume flux per unit span is
Thus the zero-flux Couette-Poiseuille flow requires
The profile starts at zero, reaches at , crosses zero at , and reaches at the moving wall. Negative and positive flux contributions cancel, even though the local velocity is nonzero.
Figure 1.
Zero-net-flux channel velocity, showing reverse flow below two-thirds depth, its minimum at one-third depth, and the moving upper wall
.