Massless free scalar bosons in two dimensions (source code)

= Massless free scalar bosons in two dimensions
{wiki=Massless_free_scalar_bosons_in_two_dimensions}

Massless free scalar bosons in two dimensions are a fundamental concept in quantum field theory. A scalar boson is a particle characterized by a spin of zero, and the term "massless" indicates that it has no rest mass. "Free" means that the particle does not interact with other particles, allowing us to describe its behavior using simple field equations.