= Upstream and downstream (transduction)
{wiki=Upstream_and_downstream_(transduction)}
In the context of molecular biology and cellular signaling, "upstream" and "downstream" refer to the orientation of signaling pathways, processes, or gene regulation. \#\#\# Upstream - **Definition**: Upstream elements refer to components or signals that occur or act before a particular point in a pathway or process. - **Context**: In signaling pathways, upstream refers to the initial receptors, ligands, or signaling molecules that activate or regulate downstream processes.
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