 Chemical oceanography

Chemical oceanography is a branch of oceanography that focuses on the chemical composition and processes of seawater and how these interact with marine organisms, the atmosphere, and geological processes. It involves the study of a wide range of chemical substances found in the ocean, including: 1. **Salinity and Major Ions**: The concentrations of major ions (such as sodium, chloride, sulfate, magnesium, and calcium) that determine the salinity of seawater.