Photon diffusion refers to the process by which photons (particles of light) spread out as they scatter in a medium. This concept is particularly relevant in the context of light interacting with materials, especially those that are semi-transparent or opaque, like biological tissues, certain gases, and particulates in the atmosphere. In a medium where photons can scatter, the initial directional input of the light becomes randomized due to collisions with particles within the material.
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