 Smith–Helmholtz invariant

The Smith–Helmholtz invariant is a concept in the field of fluid dynamics, specifically in the study of turbulence and vortex dynamics. It refers to certain quantities that remain constant (invariant) under specific transformations related to the flow field. In a more general context, the Smith–Helmholtz invariant can be applied to incompressible flows, particularly when analyzing vortex dynamics in three-dimensional flows.