An **association scheme** is a mathematical structure used in combinatorial design and algebra. It provides a framework for studying the relationships between elements in a finite set, particularly in terms of how pairs of elements can be grouped based on certain properties. Association schemes are often employed in coding theory, statistics, and finite geometry. An association scheme can be defined as follows: 1. **Set of Points:** Let \( X \) be a finite set of \( n \) points.
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