Direct simulation Monte Carlo

Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) is a numerical method used to simulate the behavior of gas flows, particularly in rarefied gas dynamics where traditional continuum fluid dynamics approaches (like the Navier-Stokes equations) become inadequate. DSMC is particularly useful in scenarios where the mean free path of the gas molecules is comparable to the characteristic length scale of the flow, such as in microfluidics, high-altitude flight, and vacuum environments.