Joseph Liouville (1809–1882) was a French mathematician known for his significant contributions to several areas of mathematics, including number theory, complex analysis, and differential equations. He is particularly famous for his work on transcendental numbers and for introducing the concept of Liouville numbers, which are specific types of transcendental numbers that can be approximated "too well" by rationals. Liouville also made contributions to the fields of algebraic geometry and integral calculus.
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