Logical calculi (singular: logical calculus) are formal systems used in mathematical logic to represent, manipulate, and infer logical statements or propositions. They provide a structured way to reason formally about truth, validity, and deduction. Logical calculi form the foundation for various fields such as mathematics, computer science, and philosophy. Here are some key points about logical calculi: 1. **Components**: - **Syntax**: The formal rules and symbols used to construct statements or formulas.
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