Magnetic shape-memory alloys (MSMAs) are a class of smart materials that can undergo reversible shape changes when subjected to magnetic fields. These alloys exhibit unique properties, combining the characteristics of shape-memory alloys (SMAs) and magnetic materials. ### Key Characteristics: 1. **Shape Memory Effect**: Like traditional shape-memory alloys (such as nickel-titanium), MSMAs can return to a predetermined shape when heated above a certain temperature or when subjected to a magnetic field.
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