A spurious relationship refers to a situation in statistics and research where two variables appear to be related or correlated, but this relationship is actually caused by a third variable or is the result of random chance. In other words, the correlation between the two variables is not genuine and can be misleading. For example, consider a scenario where there is a correlation between ice cream sales and the number of drownings. At first glance, it might appear that increased ice cream sales lead to more drownings.
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