The term "vortex" can refer to several different concepts depending on the context: 1. **Physics and Fluid Dynamics**: In these fields, a vortex is a region within a fluid where the flow revolves around an axis line, which can be straight or curved. This motion often creates a whirling pattern, with the fluid moving in circular paths around a central point or axis.
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A vortex is a topological defect around which the phase of a complex order parameter has nonzero integer winding. In two dimensions an isolated vortex in a phase-only model has energy proportional to the logarithm of the system size.