Carlos S. Frenk used gravitational N-body simulations with Julio F. Navarro and Simon D. M. White to investigate dark-halo structure. Their 1997 study found a common fitted radial shape over a broad range of simulated halo masses, now represented by the Navarro--Frenk--White profile.[ref]
A Universal Density Profile from Hierarchical Clustering by Julio F. Navarro and others. Abstract: simulated density profiles and characteristic-density correlations
Lower-mass haloes were typically denser, which the authors related to earlier assembly at a higher cosmic background mass density. The profile is an empirical fit over resolved radii, rather than a proof of a universal central singularity.
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