Characteristic-zero ultraproducts of prime fields
ID: characteristic-zero-ultraproducts-of-prime-fields
For a nonprincipal ultrafilter on the primes, the ultraproduct of the prime fields is a field of characteristic zero. Each fixed sentence , , fails at only finitely many prime divisors of ; its cofinite truth set belongs to the ultrafilter, so Łoś theorem transfers it to the product. Every sentence eventually true in the prime fields also transfers. However, the sentence asserting that minus one is a square splits along the two infinite prime classes modulo four. Ultrafilters concentrating on these two classes yield different characteristic-zero fields satisfying the same eventual-truth theory, showing that this common theory is incomplete.
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