Coinciding path integrals need not imply a conservative field

ID: coinciding-path-integrals-need-not-imply-a-conservative-field

Path independence requires the same line integral for every admissible path between fixed endpoints, not merely a few selected paths. For example, the smooth field vanishes on the entire plane . Every path in that plane from to therefore has zero integral. Yet the path through and has integral one: only the horizontal middle segment contributes. The curl is , confirming that the field is not conservative. Special paths can hide a nonconservative component.

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