Digit lifting for square roots of 2-adic units
ID: digit-lifting-for-square-roots-of-2-adic-units
An odd square is congruent to one modulo eight. Conversely, for , begin with and . For , adding changes the square by modulo . Since is odd, one choice of gives the next congruence. The corrections tend to zero 2-adically, so completeness produces an odd square root. This directly proves the unit square criterion without needing a unit derivative in Hensel lemma.
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