 Discrete realized-variance replication identity

The pathwise identity ${\sum }_{t=1}^T(\Delta S_t{)}^2=S_T^2-S_0^2-2{\sum }_{t=1}^T{S}_{t-1}\Delta S_t$ turns a squared-increment claim into a terminal-square claim and predictable stock gains. On integer terminal support $\{0,\dots ,N\}$, $S_T^2=S_T+2{\sum }_{K=1}^N(S_T-K{)}^{+}$, so a static call strip plus a dynamic stock hedge replicates the claim.