Double divergence of the Riemann tensor
ID: double-divergence-of-the-riemann-tensor
For the Levi-Civita connection, the second Bianchi identity gives . Applying another covariant derivative and the contracted Bianchi identity reduces its divergence to a commuting scalar Hessian plus curvature commutators on the Ricci tensor. The latter are the difference of symmetric tensors: a square of the Ricci tensor and , which is symmetric in by curvature pair exchange and Ricci symmetry. Both differences vanish. This identity does not require vacuum field equations and is independent of the overall curvature sign convention.
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