 Effects of papillary muscle position on chordal force distribution: an in-vitro study by Jorge Hernan Jimenez and others

Journal of Heart Valve Disease 14(3), 295–302 (2005). Abstract, Methods and Results: human/porcine mitral valves in a left-heart simulator, chordal force transducers and controlled papillary-muscle displacements; changes in tension depend on chordal type.

Additional verified Methods details: six human and five porcine mitral valves; force transducers on six chordae; eight papillary-muscle positions constructed from 5-mm vectorial displacements from the normal position. These counts and perturbations specify the simulator experiment. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15974521/