Euler-Cauchy classification from two regular singular points
ID: euler-cauchy-classification-from-two-regular-singular-points
Normalize the second-order equation as . If every point other than zero and infinity is ordinary and both exceptions are at worst regular singular points, then and extend holomorphically across zero and stay bounded at infinity. Liouville's theorem makes them constants, yielding the displayed Euler-Cauchy equation. If both exceptions must be genuinely singular, exclude and , which make zero and infinity respectively ordinary.
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