Five values force infinitely many simple preimages
ID: five-values-force-infinitely-many-simple-preimages
If a transcendental meromorphic function had only finitely many simple preimages over each of five distinct finite values, their simple counting functions would be . The displayed multiplicity inequality and the Nevanlinna first main theorem would bound the truncated sum by . The Nevanlinna second main theorem requires at least up to its error, a contradiction. Thus at least one value has infinitely many simple preimages; four other values can remain totally ramified.
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