Under an infinite sites mutation model, two variable sites on one unrecombined rooted tree have nested or disjoint derived-allele clades. At most three of the four biallelic haplotypes can then occur. Observation of all four haplotypes proves that the single-tree, single-mutation-per-site model cannot hold: some ancestral genetic recombination is necessary if recurrent mutation is excluded. The test gives no proof of absence of recombination when only three haplotypes occur.
// Target: biology.bigb
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