Fundamental group of a bouquet of circles
ID: fundamental-group-of-a-bouquet-of-circles
The fundamental group of a bouquet of circles is the free group on generators, represented by the oriented circles. For finite , iterated Seifert-van Kampen theorem proves the claim by attaching one circle at a time. Nontrivial reduced words in a free group distinguish based loops, while free homotopy classes correspond to conjugacy classes.
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