Fundamental group of a once-punctured torus
ID: fundamental-group-of-a-once-punctured-torus
Removing an embedded open disk from the torus leaves a topological surface with one boundary circle. In the square model, radial expansion away from the removed disk gives a deformation retraction onto the square boundary with opposite sides identified, a wedge of two circles. Its fundamental group is therefore the free group on two group generators.
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