Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-analysis-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2010/b/5/iv/solution

Set . It is a positive semidefinite Hermitian form. Write , and . For every complex ,
If , choosing gives . If and , choosing for large positive makes the expression negative, a contradiction. Thus in that case. In all cases,
This is the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality for a positive operator.

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