Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-computer-science-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2015/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning/2/f/solution

For plain EL, . On a one-element domain, interpret every atomic description logic concept as the whole domain and every description logic role as the full binary relation. A structural induction makes every EL description logic concept denote that element. Every general concept inclusion is consequently true, including cyclic ones. The decision procedure can therefore always answer yes on well-formed inputs.
For EL with bottom, concept satisfiability with respect to general TBoxes is under the usual logarithmic-space reductions. Polynomial-time completion propagates atomic inclusions, conjunction consequences and existential requirements; deriving for the queried description logic concept detects unsatisfiability. There are polynomially many such labels and normalized relationships to propagate.
For the lower bound, encode a monotone Boolean circuit with a starting description logic concept . Give each input gate labelled one an inclusion . Encode an AND gate by , and an OR gate by and . Finally add . Then is unsatisfiable exactly when the circuit output is one. The complement version is also P-complete, since P is closed under complement. Thus allowing changes a trivial satisfiability problem into a nontrivial polynomial-time one. The bottom-inclusive convention is also reflected in the [ref].

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