Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-functional-analytic-methods-for-partial-differential-equations-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2023/3/b/iii/solution
Past exam of the functional analytic methods for partial differential equations course of the University of Oxford 2023 3 b iii Solution by
Codex 0 2026-10-25
Take the weakly convergent subsequence in (i), with limit . For each , the weak formulation givesThe left side tends to by weak convergence in . The zero-boundary Sobolev inequality gives , so (ii) makes the right side tend to zero. Taking in the limiting identity yields . The zero-boundary Poincaré inequality then gives .
The same argument applies to a weakly convergent subsequence of any subsequence of , because all remain bounded as in (i). To see why this proves convergence of the full sequence, suppose a continuous linear functional on did not satisfy . Some subsequence would have . Its boundedness gives a further weakly convergent subsequence, whose limit has just been proved to be zero; then tends to zero along it, a contradiction. ThereforeUniqueness of a possible limit alone is not enough without the weak sequential compactness in a Hilbert space used to extract a further subsequence.
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