Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-gauge-field-theory-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2013/paper-1/1/i/solution

Below , the on-shell two-body decay channel is kinematically closed. An imaginary in the preceding formula is therefore a sign that this formula no longer applies. Slightly below threshold, the physical process can instead contain an on-shell W boson and an off-shell one, , followed by decay of the remaining W boson. Its rate requires the virtual-vector propagator, its allowed fermionic decay channels and the corresponding multiparticle Lorentz-invariant phase space. The nonzero decay width of the W boson smooths the idealized threshold. A polarization-resolved rate for two on-shell longitudinal vectors must not be analytically continued and treated as that multiparticle rate.

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