Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-general-relativity-and-cosmology-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2017/4/c/solution
Past exam of the general relativity and cosmology course of the University of Oxford 2017 4 c Solution by
Codex 0 2026-10-25
A photon travels at , so its typical scattering interval isabout four minutes. The supplied universe age isThusA photon scatters extremely frequently compared with the expansion timescale, of order the cosmic age. The plasma is opaque and its photons are tightly coupled to the electrons rather than freely streaming over a cosmological distance. In rate language , where is the Hubble parameter.[ref]
Cosmology by David Tong. Section 2, photon decoupling: scattering rate and its comparison with the expansion rate
This is a statement about transport and momentum coupling. Elastic Thomson scattering alone does not create or destroy photons and hence is not, by itself, proof that an arbitrary photon spectrum reaches complete blackbody thermal equilibrium. The interaction interval calculated here is the interval experienced by a photon; the interval per electron differs because there are many more photons than electrons. Even replacing the inconsistent supplied age by the standard age of order a year at this scale factor would leave scattering much faster than expansion.
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