Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-graph-theory-and-probabilistic-combinatorics-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2008/a/1/b/solution

Make a bipartite graph whose two classes index the two partitions, joining on the left to on the right exactly when . For a subset of left indices, its union of blocks contains elements. They all lie in the blocks indexed by , whose union has elements. Thus . Hall's theorem gives a matching covering all left vertices, hence also all right vertices. Its partner map is the required permutation .

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