Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-introduction-to-quantum-information-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2021/1/e/solution

While the sequence is remembered, the conditional quantum state is the known pure endpoint , so its Bloch vector is one of the six Pauli vertices. Partial forgetting leaves a probability distribution over possible endpoints, giving
Hence the vector lies in the stabilizer octahedron. The mixing describes lost classical information, not a different unitary evolution of the physical qubit.
Under complete unbiased uncertainty over the six endpoints, , the opposite vectors cancel and
This is the maximally mixed state at the center. Mere loss of the particular sequence does not mathematically force uniform probabilities: a known biased distribution of endpoint states would leave its corresponding noncentral mixture. The central conclusion uses the unbiased randomization implicit in complete forgetting in this setting.

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