Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-materials-science-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2018/paper-1/2/c/ii/solution

Reversing a saturating longitudinal field gives approximately the same strain and the same voltage polarity relative to the original unmagnetized reference. In the isotropic orientational model,
It is unchanged under . Both positive and negative longitudinal saturation therefore contract the negative-magnetostriction nickel in the same axial direction. The resulting stress on the piezoelectric layer has the same sign.
During field reversal there can be a hysteretic transient as domains reorganize, and finite circuit leakage can alter the measured waveform. Those effects do not turn the saturated strain law into a response odd in the field.

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