Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-and-the-environment-and-mathematical-physiology-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2009/b/4/d/i/solution

At steady state the interior free-substrate balance gives . Substituting this into the interior free-carrier balance gives . Therefore
For positive inward throughput there are more free carriers facing inward: release of transported substrate must be followed by outward return of empty carriers at net rate .

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