Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2003/ia/paper-4/7c/ii/solution

Put . The Fibonacci recurrence matrix modulo an integer is , so . Direct matrix multiplication gives
Taking the second coordinate proves
For explicit arithmetic behind the second power, squaring gives , whose square is the displayed . Thus the modular period assertions follow from calculations and the recurrence, not from quoting a period theorem.

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