Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2004/ia/paper-4/1e/a/solution

The Euclidean algorithm gives
Back substitution produces the Bézout's identity
Hence a positive integer solution is . More generally, subtracting this identity from any other solution shows . Since and are coprime, the integer solutions are , ; both are positive precisely when .

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