Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2005/ia/paper-1/1c/ii/solution

This is the incorrectly formed expression. In the Einstein summation convention, an index in a term is either free and occurs once, or summed and occurs twice. Here occurs three times in the same product, so it cannot consistently be classified as either. Renaming a dummy index before multiplying would give a valid different expression, such as , but does not make the printed expression valid.

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