Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2005/iii/paper-72/4/a/v/solution

One isolating integral occurs when specific orbital energy is the only independent stationary invariant. An autonomous chaotic orbit that densely explores a connected five-dimensional specific orbital energy surface is the standard case. Every continuous integral of motion must then be constant on that surface, so it is locally a function of specific orbital energy rather than an additional independent integral. Irregular motion need not mean zero integrals; specific orbital energy still isolates the orbit from other specific orbital energy surfaces.

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