Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2008/iii/paper-4/4/a/solution

For the conjugation action, fixed elements have coefficients constant on -conjugacy classes. Therefore . More generally an -basis of consists of sums of the -conjugation orbits on .
For define the relative trace, or transfer, by
The expression is independent of the coset representatives and is -fixed. If , then ; hence its image is a transfer ideal of conjugation-fixed elements in the center of an associative algebra.
Let be a Sylow -subgroup of . Trace transitivity gives , proving inclusion of the -image in the -image. Conversely is a unit of , and for an -fixed element ,
Thus , proving the reverse inclusion and

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