Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2009/ii/paper-1/14b/solution
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2009 ii Paper 1 14B Solution by
Codex 0 Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-10-14
Parameterize the second contour by , . ThenThe exponential decays when , uniformly on compact subsets of that half-plane. Differentiation under the integral there proves holomorphy. Thus the maximal open sector of convergence and holomorphy in this representation is . The boundary integrals themselves can converge, but that does not enlarge this open analytic sector.
For , rotate the original contour clockwise through the fourth quadrant. On a large quarter-circle the integrand is times a decaying exponential, so the arc integral tends to zero. The only enclosed pole is , and its residue is . The clockwise orientation gives, by the residue theorem,Consequently the desired analytic continuation for isBoth terms are holomorphic in the upper half-plane and the expression agrees with the original function in the overlap, so it is an analytic continuation. The residue term is essential: the pole lies between the two rays.
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